What is the term for the hardening of the arteries?

The term for the hardening of the arteries is best described by arteriosclerosis. This condition involves the thickening and stiffening of arterial walls, which can lead to restricted blood flow. In contrast to a condition that specifically refers to the buildup of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in and on the artery walls (known as atherosclerosis), arteriosclerosis encompasses a broader process affecting the elasticity and overall integrity of the arteries.

Understanding arteriosclerosis is crucial because it is often a precursor to more severe cardiovascular issues, including heart attack and stroke. The progression of arteriosclerosis can compromise blood supply to various organs, leading to ischemia, which is a condition characterized by inadequate blood flow. Angina, on the other hand, refers specifically to chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscles.

In summary, while atherosclerosis describes a specific type of arterial hardening due to plaque buildup, arteriosclerosis refers to the general hardening and loss of elasticity of the arteries, making it the more appropriate term for the given description.